1. Technical Overview
AnTI-Lock Braking System (ABS for short) is an active safety device that prevents the wheels from locking during the braking process. During braking, the ABS system senses the slippage of the wheels and the road through sensors, makes judgments by the electronic control unit, and adjusts the size of the braking force through the actuator composed of solenoid valves to keep the tire slip rate at an ideal Range to ensure that the vehicle has greater longitudinal braking and lateral resistance when braking, to prevent possible rear wheel slip, tail flick, and front wheel deviation, to improve the direction of the car during braking Stability and steering ability, and can improve the utilization of adhesion coefficient, shorten the braking distance, reduce tire wear.
Traction control system (TracTIon Control System for short TCS) is an extension based on ABS. When the car is driving on a bad road, it controls the driving force on the wheels by controlling the engine torque, driving wheel braking torque, differential lock, etc., to prevent the wheels from slipping and obtain the best driving traction effect.
Vehicle dynamic control system (Vehicle Dynamic Control for short VDC, German BOSCH company also called Electronic Stability Program for short ESP), is based on ABS and TCS, it is to increase the angular velocity sensor of the car's lateral swing when steering, which is controlled by ECU The driving force and braking force of the inner and outer, front and rear wheels ensure a stable state of the lateral dynamics of the car. The successful development of VDC makes it possible to provide active and effective driving safety guarantee to the driver under all working conditions.
2. Current situation and development trend at home and abroad
ABS has been widely used abroad since the 1980s. Up to now, it is a relatively mature technology. It developed to TCS in the early 1990s and to VDC in the past two years. Technology development has the following trends:
Continue to improve the integration of the system, reduce volume and weight;
Develop and improve sensors on the original basis, such as zero frequency response wheel speed sensor, yaw rate sensor, etc .;
Further improve the response speed of the solenoid valve;
Further develop control software that adapts to complex situations, which can accurately and quantitatively analyze, calculate, and control the transient motion conditions of automobiles;
With the development of microelectronic technology, 16-bit CPU or 32-bit chip is adopted, and the vehicle electronic control system is decentralized to integrated.
The domestic applied research work started in the late 1980s, and began the development of the air brake system to the liquid brake system. Technically, the ABS anti-locking function is initially implemented on the prototype, but there is a big gap between the software function and hardware quality and the current foreign advanced level.
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