The emergence of the GPS system overcomes the limitations of the TRANSIT system (originally designed to serve the polar region, not for continuous navigation, and its positioning time interval varies with latitude). It is not only highly accurate, but also has continuous navigation and strong anti-interference. Ability; and can provide seven-dimensional space-time position and velocity information. In the initial experimental navigation equipment test, GPS demonstrated its ability to replace TRANSIT and subgrade radio navigation systems, playing an epoch-making role in navigation. Today it is difficult to imagine which ship is not equipped with GPS navigation systems and equipment, and navigation applications have become the largest users of GPS navigation applications, which is difficult for users in any other field.
This article refers to the address: http://
GPS navigation application
There are many users of GPS navigation and navigation, and their classification standards are also different. According to the type of route, GPS navigation can be divided into five categories: ocean navigation; coast navigation; port navigation; inland navigation; lake navigation. Different stages or areas have different navigation safety requirements depending on the environment, but they are all used to ensure the minimum navigational traffic conflicts, to make the most effective use of increasingly crowded routes, to ensure safe navigation, improve transportation efficiency and save energy. According to the function of the navigation system, there are roughly the following categories:
1 autonomous navigation
The autonomous navigation system is suitable for any of the above five kinds of routes. It is basically a simple navigation system, and its main feature is that it only provides the user with position, speed, heading and time information, and can also include chart display. No communication system is required. Adapt to any vessel sailing on the surface of the sea, on the lake and on the river, from large ocean freighters to private yachts.
2 Port management and inbound guidance
This system is mainly used for ship dispatch management of ports/terminals and guidance of inbound ships to ensure the safety and order of port/terminal navigation. The system requires two-way data/voice communication to facilitate the pilot to guide the ship; the port area scenario/nautical chart display to indicate the anchored ship and the available inbound routes to avoid collisions. Such systems have high accuracy requirements for navigation systems, using differential GPS and other enhancement techniques.
3 Route Traffic Management System
This type of system is similar to 2, but is mainly used for navigation and management of ships on offshore and inland river routes, and usually requires satellite communication system support, such as INMARSAT.
4 tracking monitoring system
These systems are mainly used for maritime patrol boats, private boats and various yachts, especially for private yachts. Depending on the specific object of use, some systems need to give navigation parameters and two-way data/voice communications, such as private boats. Sometimes, there is no need to give navigation parameters. For example, for private yacht anti-theft, only one-way data communication is required. Once stolen, the navigation system on the yacht continuously sends its position and heading to the relevant center for tracking.
5 emergency rescue system
The system also includes amphibious aircraft, helicopters and land vehicles. It is adapted to all five types of routes for the search and rescue of distress, dead ships and personnel on various seas, lakes, inland rivers. Such systems require two-way data/voice communication, requiring fast response times and high positioning accuracy.
6 GPS/sonar combination for underwater robot navigation
This type of combined system can be used for underwater pipeline laying and maintenance (requires vision system), hydrographic survey and other subsea operations, such as for port/dock underwater surveys, to facilitate the removal of obstructions in the approach channel and to ensure smooth passage. It can be used for ocean fishing, fishing boat operation and so on.
7 other applications
The navigation technologies used are mainly:
GPS (GNSS);
Sonar technology;
INS;
Nautical chart
Radio navigation technology;
Image matching technology;
Other technologies.
The main communication technologies used are:
FM and TV subcarrier unidirectional data/voice communication;
Beacon network two-way data communication.
With the development of the times, the consumption level of people is gradually increasing. At the same time, people's entertainment methods are beginning to diversify, especially for modern young people. As a result, different kinds of electronic products are starting to be in people's lives, and the booming Electronic Cigarette industry reflects this.
Described including the upper shell, the upper shell at the top of the smoke outlet, as described in the bottom of the upper shell with airway, described with the smoke outlet in the airway and also to match the upper shell, the lower part of the shell described the airway in the direction of the lower shell extension, as described in the lower shell near one end of the upper shell is equipped with oil mouth, described the lower shell with batteries, described at the bottom of the bottom shell has come in The air port is provided with an oil storage bin in the lower shell, and the air passage passes through the oil storage bin and is provided with a heating atomization bin at one end away from the smoke outlet. The utility model has beneficial effects: it can meet the smoking habit of different users, avoid the premature end of the use experience caused by excessive consumption of smoke oil, and indirectly prolong the service time and life of the product.
Refillable E-Cig Oem,Refillable Vape Pod,Refillable Vape Pen Oem,Refillable Mod Oem
Shenzhen MASON VAP Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.masonvap.com