1, hardware requirements specification
The hardware requirement specification describes the hardware development goals, basic functions, basic configuration, major performance indicators, operating environment, constraints, and requirements for cost and schedule. Its requirements are based on the product specification and system requirements specification. It is the basis for the overall design of the hardware and the development of the hardware development plan. The specific contents include: system engineering networking and usage instructions, basic functions and major performance indicators of the overall hardware system, basic functions and major performance indicators and functions of the hardware subsystem. The division of modules, etc.
Key points: The hardware requirements actually come from product demand packages. If you want to do the final product:
First, you need to understand the requirements of the entire product package.
Second, need to do a good job in competition analysis
Third, do a good job tracking
Case 1:
In the initial stage of product definition, our iBox has conducted in-depth analysis and discussion of the competitor's product features, key features, and sales volume. Including the selection process.
Case 2:
Demand tracking table for an internet of things project
2, hardware overall design report
The overall hardware design report is based on the requirements of the requirements of the overall design of the report, it is the basis for the hardware detailed design. The overall hardware design report should include the following contents: Overall system structure and function division, system logic block diagram, logic block diagram of each function module that constitutes the system, circuit structure diagram and board composition, board logic block diagram and circuit structure diagram, and reliability , security, electromagnetic compatibility discussions and hardware testing programs.
Key points: This part needs to emphasize the division of the structure, function modules of the board, and considerations of the complete machine such as EMC, safety, reliability, environment, and backplane. The so-called hardware architecture design often tests the ability to control the entire hardware system at this point. For example, whether the network topology of the backplane is reasonable affects the long-term planning, upgrade potential, cost space, and compatibility of the hardware product.
Case: After a hardware platform is finalized, the total power consumption of the circuit in each slot is determined. Because of Moore's Law, the specifications of the chips continue to race in arms. With the continuous upgrading of the chip, we cannot use the new generation of high-power mainstream devices, which will eventually affect the overall specifications and ultimately affect the overall competitiveness of the product. Similarly, if the granularity of the circuits divided by the products is too large, the configuration will be inflexible and it will also affect the market competitiveness of the entire product.
I have seen a project that hopes that the pinchboard can transmit video, but only one I2C bus is left. Such projects will naturally abortion.
3, single board overall design plan
After the overall design of the board is finalized, this document should be published. The overall design of the board should include the version number of the board, the location of the board in the whole machine, the development purpose and main functions, the board's function description, and board Logical block diagram and description of each function module, description of the software function of the single board and division of the function module, simple definition of the interface and the relationship of the relevant board, main performance indicators, power consumption and adoption standards.
Key points:
First, the board diagram should clearly show the wiring specifications, device specifications, as far as possible consistent with the pre-layout, easy to find the bandwidth, capacity, routing, power consumption, heat, power and other dimensions.
Second, do not dogmatically believe that writing the overall design plan is a template. Instead, it requires targeted and in-depth research and writing on key risks and key technologies.
Case: iBox Board
iBox Master MCU IO Pin Definitions and Interface Assignments
4. Detailed design of board hardware
When the board hardware enters the detailed design stage, a detailed board hardware design report should be submitted. The detailed design of the hardware of the board should be emphasized: the logic block diagram of the board and detailed description of each function module, the implementation mode of each function module, address allocation, control mode, interface mode, memory space, interrupt mode, interface pin signal details Definitions, timing descriptions, performance specifications, indicator descriptions, external wiring definitions, programmable device diagrams, functional module descriptions, schematics, detailed bills of materials, and board test and commissioning plans. Sometimes the hardware and software of a single board are developed by two developers respectively. Therefore, the detail design of the board hardware at this time provides a detailed guide for the software designer. Therefore, the detailed design report of the board hardware is very important. In particular, address allocation, control methods, interface methods, and interrupt methods are the basis for the preparation of single-board software and must be written out in detail.
Case: Detailed design of iBox:
Power Tree Design
5, veneer hardware process debugging documentation
During the development process, engineers should submit a process document each time they submit a PCB board, so that the management can understand the progress, conduct evaluations, and leave other relevant technical documents for other relevant engineers. This document should be created every time a PCB board is ejected. This document should include the following: division of hardware function modules of the board, progress of debug of each module of the board hardware, problems and solutions in the debugging, description of original data records, explanations of system solutions, instructions for modification of the single board, and instructions for device replacement Schematic
Key points: Timely records of discovered problems, especially revision requirements records
The following figure shows the revised record tracking table for an early Internet of Things project:
6. Joint Boarding System Report
When the project enters the joint debugging phase of the single board system, a joint debugging report of the board system shall be issued. The single board system joint debugging report includes these contents: division of system function modules, progress of system function module debugging, original test records and analysis of system interface signals, problems and solutions in system joint debugging, debugging skills collection, and overall machine performance evaluation.
7, single board hardware test document
After the commissioning of the veneer, before applying for internal acceptance, self-testing should be performed to ensure that each function can be achieved and each indicator can be satisfied. After the self-test is completed, the hardware test documents of the board are to be issued. The hardware test documents of the board include the following: division of the function modules of the boards, input and output signals and performance parameters of each function module, determination of test points of each function module, and actual measurement of each test reference point Record and analysis, original record and analysis of high speed signal line test in board, original record and analysis of system I/O signal line test, analysis of overall board performance test results.
8, hardware information library
In order to share technical information, we hope to establish a shared database, and every single board wishes to include valuable and characteristic information in this database. The hardware information base includes the following contents: typical application circuit, featured circuit, introduction of featured chip technology, instructions for use of featured chip, flowchart of driver program, source program, description of related hardware circuit, notice of PCB layout, and board debugging Typical and solution, hardware and software design and debugging techniques.
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