introduction
The sustained high-speed development of the economy and the widening gap in power supply and demand have created a natural space for the self-provided power system to display “geniusâ€. However, this has also brought many shocking security risks and even accidents! Recently, many media including CCTV caused some enterprises or users to “drag and tear†during the power supply interruption. Self-provided power sources have repeatedly reported on the reverse transmission of electricity from the public power grid and adult injuries. On the eve of power cuts and power cuts in 2006 and 2007, power supply and regulatory agencies at various levels have repeatedly announced that enterprises and units with their own power supply are subject to the Electricity Law of the People's Republic of China and the technical regulations of the power industry. , limited time to the local power management department to register for the record, in order to be included in the safety management, to prevent self-supplied power supply to the grid to reverse power. However, individual self-provided power users have turned a deaf ear to the power supply and management departments' painstaking warnings. Once the self-supplied power supply is sent back to the power grid, the user's personal accidents will occur. The self-provided power supply unit will be intimidated by the accident, and the power supply unit is afraid of "burning the fire". I am afraid to avoid it. The occurrence of this phenomenon, not only the power workers should attach great importance to, we should also ponder the majority of our own power supply users.
Strengthen the technical management of self-supplied power users
1) Self-provided power switch (circuit breaker) and working power supply (mains power supply, public power grid) switches should be set separately, users must not combine to save costs; self-prepared (working) power supply, self-provided Between the (working) power system and the working (self-contained) power system, at least one obvious disconnect point is set in all aspects. Such as: set a set of isolating switches (that is, the so-called set of isolated knife gates), and open the set of isolating switches, this is an important technical link to prevent the self-supplied power supply to the grid to reverse power.
2) Technical measures should be taken to ensure that the working power switch has not been out of operation, and the standby power switch cannot be put into operation. Or the standby power supply does not exit the operation, the working power supply cannot be turned into the running state, the mechanically locked switch is mechanically locked, and the electrically operated switch is set to be electrically or logically locked. For example, the closing circuit of the standby power switch is connected in series with the working power switch. Normally closed auxiliary contacts are implemented.
3) In order to ensure the safe operation of the load, under normal circumstances, the standby power supply should resume the operation of the electrical equipment one by one after the rated voltage is established, and the standby power supply is prohibited from being boosted with zero load.
4) In order to shorten the power interruption time, a dual power automatic switching device (or a standby power automatic input device) can be provided. However, the quality of such equipment on the market is uneven. It is necessary to select products that have reliable guarantees and that are approved by the authority of the power product technical supervision and can be operated in the network to protect equipment and personal safety.
5) If the dual power supply automatic switching device is set, when the working power supply and the standby power supply do not have the operating conditions, it is necessary to ensure that any one of the power switches will not automatically close, but after any one of the power supplies has operating conditions, it can only be operated by personnel. It can be put into operation to prevent the sudden pressure of the equipment from threatening other work in the load circuit. At the same time, it is necessary to set the working power supply and backup power supply voltage monitoring device.
6) The backup power supply must have sufficient capacity and a certain degree of redundancy with respect to the total load to ensure a smooth start of the large-capacity load.
7) If the power supply is lost due to a short circuit in the load circuit or other faults that cannot be eliminated for a short time, ensure that the backup power supply is not automatically put into operation to prevent the accident from expanding.
8) Only one backup power supply can be set for one load, and several backup power supplies cannot be set to prevent the power supply equipment from being damaged due to non-synchronous parallel!
9) The protection device of the backup power supply should be scientific and reasonable, and the protection action value should not be set too large to ensure the long-term stable operation of the self-supplied power supply.
1O) The local power production dispatching agency should be notified in time before and after the self-supplied power supply is put into operation, in order to facilitate the handling of emergencies.
11) To conduct safety inspections for users with self-supplied power supply and backup power supply, carefully clean up the use of self-contained power supply, carefully review whether the user-supplied power supply has fulfilled the application and acceptance procedures in accordance with regulations, and whether necessary mechanical lock prevention has been taken. Anti-power transmission measures, whether the operating rules and regulations are complete, whether the user's duty officer is certified to work, and ensure the qualifications and abilities of the employees on duty. Take measures for users who do not have safe power conditions, and rectify within a time limit. The electricity management personnel regularly inspect the self-supplied power users to find and deal with problems in a timely manner. In particular, for unsafe factors, it is necessary to promptly rectify and rectify. If the "self-supplied power supply agreement" is violated, it should be stopped and pressed accordingly. Strictly deal with and make a record.
12) The power grid management organization must grasp the installation, grid connection and operation of the user-supplied power supply, and strictly implement the relevant regulations for the self-supplied power supply (standby) power supply. Any user who has a self-contained power supply (standby) power supply must apply to the power supply company and sign an agreement before putting it into operation. Safety devices (such as locking devices) must be installed to prevent power from being returned to the power grid. Any power source that needs to be connected to the grid must be connected to the grid with the power supply company in accordance with the law.
13) Strengthen the daily safety management and supervision of users with self-contained power supply and backup power supply. Establish a complete user profile, which is fully reflected in the electrical system diagram and circuit diagram. Supervise users in accordance with the law to conscientiously implement national and industry-related power laws, regulations, and regulations, guide users to establish and improve basic data such as equipment maintenance and operation accounts within the scope of property rights, and formulate relevant systems to ensure the correct investment of self-provided power supply and backup power supply. stop.
14) Strictly implement the "Electricity Safety Work Regulations", conduct dangerous point analysis, and conscientiously do technical measures such as power outage, power inspection, and grounding. It is necessary to cut off the power, especially to disconnect the circuit breaker and the isolating switch that may reverse (return) the low-voltage power supply, and to hang the signboard of "the line is working, prohibiting the closing", and the branch line that may be sent to the power-off line. The short-circuit grounding wire must be connected, and the short-circuited grounding wire must be hung on both sides of the working place to prevent the occurrence of personal electric shock caused by the returning power.
Strengthen legal education
First of all, the public media and power news agencies should strengthen the propaganda of the "Electricity Law of the People's Republic of China" and "Power Supply Business Rules", so that large users understand the "multiple power, one power management" principle. The power supply department must sign a power supply contract with the user who has the self-supplied power system to establish liability for breach of contract. It is illegal for all power sources or self-contained power supplies and other power sources that are unauthorised to be connected (supplied) without the consent of the power supply company to be privately integrated into the power grid, and must be strictly prohibited. Secondly, important users and power supply enterprises should specify the important user access system plan, the property rights boundary between the power supply and the use, the operation and maintenance responsibility of the power supply and facilities, the safety management responsibility, the backup power supply and the emergency power supply configuration. Non-electrical security measures such as power supply interruption. In addition, important users and power supply enterprises should clearly define their responsibilities and rights, grid connection conditions, grid connection methods, load management, equipment operation and maintenance management responsibilities, emergency procedures, effective communication methods, and important users in the grid-connection scheduling agreement. Run the personnel qualification requirements and safety responsibilities of the duty officer. The competent administrative department of electricity shall, in accordance with the law, supervise and inspect the safe supply and use of electricity by important users, accept complaints from units and individuals, and investigate and punish illegal acts of electricity supply and use according to law.
in conclusion
Due to the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, the power supply is still difficult to meet the ideal requirements of the majority of users in some time periods. This requires the supply and demand sides to cooperate with each other and share the "difficulty" and jointly march toward the bright future.
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