Design and planning of IP address allocation and routing for NGN bearer network
The NGN service has end-to-end (Peer-to-Peer) and always-on-line (Always-on-Line) communication modes. It needs to allocate a large number of IP addresses, and there is a problem of insufficient public network IP addresses. At the same time, operators must use static routing, dynamic routing, policy routing, and routing strategies in metropolitan area networks to set up metropolitan area network routes to ensure that user services access the corresponding service network.
1. IP address allocation
IP address range
The NGN service is separated from the data service layer 2 in the metropolitan area network. The NGN service network is an independent logical network, which can independently plan IP addresses, and can use private network addresses, public network addresses, or public network addresses. use. The advantage of private use of public network addresses is the large number of addresses. Theoretically, 4 billion addresses are convenient for planning and capacity expansion. However, when interworking with other public networks, an IP-IP interworking gateway is required.
Address allocation method
The core equipment of the NGN service network, such as the switch, TMG, AG, and server, can be assigned a static IP address. A large number of corridor IADs, SIP intelligent terminals, and PCs are connected to the NGN service network and data service network through the BAS equipment at the metropolitan convergence layer. Perform authentication and IP address assignment on the connected device. The BAS should allocate the IP address of the NGN service network to the IAD and the IP address of the data service network to the PC. The two IP address pools cannot overlap.
From the point of view of operator's operability and management, the IP address of IAD can be dynamically allocated through DHCP. BAS supports built-in DHCP SEVER or DHCP RELAY. Through DHCP RELAY, BAS can assign IP addresses to IAD or PC from a centralized DHCP server, which is more in line with the operator's idea of ​​centralized management of IP addresses.
The role of BAS in IP address allocation
NGN services and data services at the metro access layer are separated by VLAN layer 2 and then mapped to MPLS VPN at the metropolitan backbone layer through PE devices. If the IAD and PE are completely Layer 2 devices, then a large number of IAD VLANs will be terminated on the PE. On the one hand, the PE supports a limited number of VLANs (VLAN <4096), on the other hand, each VLAN needs an address The segment makes the scope of DHCP very large, the address block is very fragmented, and the address waste is serious. Each IAD occupies at least 4 IP addresses. If a BAS device is added between the IAD and the PE, through the built-in DHCP Server or DHCP Relay function, different services can be identified according to VLANs, different IP address domains can be allocated, and services can be converged to the corresponding upstream physical interface and VLAN The sub-interface is connected to the PE equipment, so that the PE can map the NGN service flow to the corresponding MPLS VPN of the NGN service network. The Super Vlan technology on the BAS can solve the problem of broken address blocks when VLANs isolate users, and solve the intercommunication problem through ARP PROXY between VLAN users on the same IP network segment. In this way, a large number of IAD VLANs are prevented from directly terminating on the PE, and a large number of IP addresses are saved. If the BAS supports PE, it can also directly map the NGN service with the metropolitan area network MPLS VPN.
Second, routing planning
The BAS device assigns an IP address to the IAD, so the IAD route is a direct route on the BAS. The BAS of the metropolitan convergence layer not only authenticates the access IAD and assigns an IP address, but also authenticates the access PC and assigns an IP address. Through authentication, BAS can identify the service attributes of the access device, and through policy routing, it can distribute different services to different upstream physical ports or VLAN sub-interfaces, and access the corresponding service network through PE. For the downstream flow, the PE routes the downstream flow to the BAS through a static route, and the BAS routes the downstream flow to the corresponding user port according to the direct route.
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