Nanjing Xinfan Bio: Monitor cell status, you have many choices - Database & Sql Blog Articles

If you conduct biological research on a eukaryotic system, you have a great chance of cultivating cells. As a raw material for the experiment, the state of the cells is important. However, today's laboratories have countless cell lines, each with unique growth characteristics. How can researchers determine that cell cultures are healthy?

Major manufacturers have developed a range of tools to monitor cell cultures. Some are specialized tests to monitor cellular changes in applications such as drug screening. Of course, more is used for daily cell culture. Here, let's take a look at what options you have.

Streaming

Detection

There is no definition of cell health. According to Kamala Tyagarajan, director of research and development for flow cell applications at MilliporeSigma, the term covers everything about cells, including cell density, doubling time, and oxidative stress and apoptotic states. However, the most direct indicator is

Cell viability

.

Before, cell viability is the use of blood cells

count

And trypan blue to evaluate. Trypan blue is a dye that does not penetrate the cell membrane, which means it is repelled by healthy cells and only enters cells with damaged cell membranes. The researchers mixed the dye with the cells and piped them to the hemocytometer to assess how much was alive while counting the cells. This process can be automated, such as Bio-Rad's TC20 automatic cell counter. However, you can also choose to give up the trypan blue and switch to the embrace of flow cytometry.

For example, MilliporeSigma's Muse® Count & Viability Assay uses a mixture of two fluorescent dyes, one that stains all nucleated cells and the other that stains non-viable cells. By analyzing the stained cells on a Muse cell analyzer, the researchers can obtain the total number of cells and the number of viable cells in the sample.

According to Tyagarajan, MilliporeSigma has developed more than 25 tests for the Muse Cell Analyzer, 10 of which evaluate cell health, and other tests for other flow cytometers such as the Guava easyCyte system. These tests monitor apoptosis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial health, and cell cycle status.

Bio-Rad's CytoTrackTM assay is also based on flow cytometry to monitor cell proliferation. Chris Linnevers, product manager for cell biology at the company, said that CytoTrack provides a measure of cell proliferation based on the abundance of specific dyes. In the CytoTrack assay, the dye is loaded into the cell, and as the cell divides, the amount of dye in each cell is reduced to half. By flow cytometry analysis, the researchers can calculate how many times the cell has split.

Imaging

Detection

Many companies, including Bio-Rad, Essen Bioscience, and GE Healthcare, have also developed imaging platforms that capture morphological changes to monitor cell cultures.

For example, Bio-Rad's ZOETM Fluorescent Cell Imager is a benchtop manual microscope that combines the interface of a tablet with an inverted microscope and digital fluorescence imaging capabilities. ZOE has a bright field and three fluorescent channels, "is a good tool for routine monitoring of cell health, especially cells that express fluorescent proteins." Even so, researchers can use the company's VivaFixTM reagent, which binds to primary amines and uses the intensity of staining between living and dead cells to distinguish them.

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